Introduction

Hello and Welcome to the blog post NNVM/TVM on HiKey960. In this blog we are going to see the deployment of trained deep learning model on HiKey960 using NNVM/TVM. Instruction set is provided for installing NNVM/TVM on host and deploying the trained models remotely to HiKey960 over the network.

NNVM/TVM

As the deep learning and AI use cases grow high every day, there is a need for the unified solution to deploy these workloads on a variety of hardware platforms such as mobiles, embedded devices, GPU etc… NNVM is an Open Source compiler for Artificial Intelligence (AI) Frameworks. It depends on the TVM stack for providing end to end compilation to different hardware backends. NNVM and TVM are jointly developed by UW Allen school and AWS AI team together with other contributors.

NNVM compiler allows us to use the deep learning models from the frameworks like Apache MXNet, Caffe, Keras, PyTorch etc… These models can be deployed on various hardware backends with the help of TVM primitives such as LLVM, OpenCL, Metal, CUDA etc…

Upcoming sections will illustrate how to install NNVM/TVM on the host and remotely deploying the trained model on HiKey960.

Installing TVM

Since NNVM depends on TVM stack, we need to install TVM on the host by following the below steps:

Installing Prerequisites

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install -y python python-dev python-setuptools gcc libtinfo-dev \
    zlib1g-dev cmake python-numpy python-pip
$ pip install decorator

Next, install the latest version of LLVM (Should be 4.0 or higher). For convenience there are Debian/Ubuntu Nightly Builds available.

TVM

$ git clone --recursive https://github.com/dmlc/nnvm
$ cd nnvm/tvm
$ cp make/config.mk .

Now, open config.mk and uncomment the LLVM_CONFIG option and provide with path to LLVM config as below:

LLVM_CONFIG = llvm-config-5.0

$ make

If the build goes well, you can see the libtvm.so runtime under lib directory. Next, install the python package for TVM as mentioned here.

Installing NNVM

Move into the cloned NNVM directory and follow the below steps to install NNVM compiler on host:

$ cp make/config.mk .
$ make

After a successful build, libnnvm_compiler.so runtime will be available under lib. Next, install the python package for NNVM as mentioned here.

Building TVM runtime on device

Now it is the time to build TVM runtime on HiKey960. For doing this, we need a debian image. But, official debian images for HiKey960 is not available yet. So, for testing purposes, you can use this test image. Unzip the rootfs image and flash it onto HiKey960 along with boot and dt images.

Note: You need to use these images with HiSilicon’s legacy bootloader. For this purpose, first flash the base firmware by following the guide here. Next, flash the above-specified images using fastboot

Once the HiKey960 boots into debian, enable networking using this guide and note down the IP address using ifconfig command.

Next, follow the below steps to install TVM runtime on HiKey960:

$ cd ~
$ git clone --recursive https://github.com/dmlc/tvm
$ make runtime

After successfully building the TVM runtime, add the following lines to ~/.bashrc file.

$ export TVM_HOME=~/tvm
$ export PATH=$PATH:$TVM_HOME/lib
$ export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:$TVM_HOME/python

Starting RPC server on HiKey960

For communicating with the host for remote deployment of trained model, we need to setup and start the RPC server on HiKey960.

Below command will do that for you:

$ python -m tvm.exec.rpc_server --host 0.0.0.0 --port=9090

This will start RPC server on localhost at port 9090.

Deploy trained model onto HiKey960

The final step is to deploy the pretrained MXNet model on HiKey960. This model will be used to predict a cat image. For accomplishing this, execute the python script on host machine where you installed NNVM and TVM. This will download the model, test image and build it for HiKey960, then finally deploying it using RPC server running on HiKey960.

Note: Before executing the script, change the host variable to IP address of HiKey960.

$ wget http://people.linaro.org/~manivannan.sadhasivam/tvm/deploy_model_on_hikey960.py
$ python deploy_model_on_hikey960.py

On my Hikey960, prediction took around 30 seconds which is too high. But this can be improved drastically by the fine-tuning the ARM code generation of TVM.

Conclusion

Even though the prediction time was high, improving the support for ARM64 will boost the performance. In the upcoming blogs, we will see how to achieve this. Stay tuned!